Grades 9, 10, 11, 12

Reading and Comprehension

Translation

Contextualization

Textual Analysis

Argumentation

Read and comprehend Latin poetry and prose.

Translate Latin texts into English.

Relate Latin texts to Roman historical, cultural, and literary contexts.

Analyze linguistic and literary features of Latin texts.

Develop an argument that analyzes Latin poetry and/or prose.

Demonstrate knowledge of Latin vocabulary.

Explain the meaning of Latin words and phrases in context.

Use specific terminology to identify grammatical forms and syntactic structures.

Demonstrate knowledge of Latin syntax to read and comprehend Latin texts.

Scan dactylic hexameter in Latin poetry.

Read Latin poetry and prose aloud with attention to linguistic and artistic qualities. (not assessed on Exam)

Identify stylistic features in Latin poetry and prose.

Identify references to Roman culture, history, and mythology in Latin texts.

Demonstrate overall comprehension of passages in Latin texts.

Demonstrate knowledge of Latin vocabulary when translating Latin texts into English.

Demonstrate knowledge of Latin morphology when translating Latin texts into English.

Demonstrate knowledge of Latin grammar and syntax when translating Latin texts into English.

Demonstrate an understanding of differences between Latin and English usage when translating Latin texts into English.

Use knowledge of influential people and key historical events to demonstrate understanding of Latin texts.

Use knowledge of Roman political ideas to demonstrate understanding of Roman culture in Latin texts.

Relate Roman cultural products in Latin texts to perspectives of Roman culture.

Relate Roman cultural practices in Latin texts to perspectives of Roman culture.

Use knowledge of mythology and legends to demonstrate understanding of Latin texts.

Use knowledge of authors or literary conventions to demonstrate understanding of Latin texts.

Analyze the effects of language usage and stylistic features in Latin texts.

Analyze Latin texts based on knowledge of products, practices, and perspectives of Roman culture.

Articulate a defensible claim or thesis.

Support the argument using relevant evidence from Latin texts and readings in English.

Use accurate, specific, and relevant references to Latin texts.

Use reasoning to draw conclusions and make inferences based on textual features.

Use contextual knowledge and references to support the analysis.

Define Latin words and idioms.

Distinguish between easily confused Latin words (e.g., vir/vis, mos/mora).

Indicate understanding that more than one Latin word may be appropriately translated by the same English word (e.g., mare, aequor, fluctus as "sea").

Indicate understanding that one Latin word may be appropriately translated by more than one English word (e.g., vir as "man," "hero," "husband").

Identify the meaning of Latin words and phrases in context.

Explain the meaning of Latin words and phrases in context.

Explain the figurative meaning of Latin words and phrases in context (e.g., ferrum as "sword," lumina as "eyes").

Identify grammatical forms (e.g., gender, number, and case of nouns; tense and mood of verbs—see terminology list).

Identify syntactic structures (e.g., indirect statement— see terminology list).

Paraphrase text that reflects knowledge of syntax.

Write literal translation of text that reflects knowledge of syntax.

Write response that reflects knowledge of syntax.

Identify the elements of scansion of dactylic hexameter (e.g., dactyls, spondees, elision).

Mark scansion of dactylic hexameter.

Determine vocabulary, grammar, and syntax based on scansion (e.g., case and number of nouns and adjectives, tense of verbs, distinction between similar words).

Identify rhetorical devices and figures of speech (e.g., anaphora, hyperbole, metaphor, rhetorical questions) in Latin texts.

Identify references to Roman culture (e.g., Penates, centurio, virtus, pietas) in Latin texts.

Identify references to Roman history (e.g., Augustus, invasion of Britain) in Latin texts.

Identify references to Greco-Roman mythology (e.g., Jupiter and Venus) in Latin texts.

Respond to a factual question that reflects overall comprehension of the passage (e.g., main ideas in the passage, setting of the passage, sequence of events in the passage).

Summarize or paraphrase to reflect overall comprehension of the passage.

Write translation that reflects overall comprehension of the passage.

Respond to an interpretive question that reflects overall comprehension of the passage (e.g., inference of an implied meaning, conclusion based on comprehension of a premise).

Create rendering in English that reflects an appropriate meaning of the Latin words.

Create rendering in English that reflects the parts of speech of the Latin words.

Create rendering in English that reflects the grammatical forms of the Latin words (e.g., gender, case and number of nouns, adjectives, and pronouns; person, number, tense, voice, and mood of verbs; degree of adjectives and adverbs).

Create rendering in English that reflects the Latin grammatical constructions (e.g., subject-verb agreement, pronouns and their antecedents, subordinate clauses).

Create rendering in English that reflects the relationships between clauses.

Create rendering in English of Latin constructions that demonstrates an understanding of differences between Latin and English usage (e.g., indirect discourse, conditions, impersonal constructions, double datives).

Identify influential people in Roman history (e.g., Julius Caesar, Augustus, Romulus) not directly stated in the Latin texts, based on context or outside knowledge.

Explain the roles of influential people in Roman history as relevant to the Latin texts.

Explain key events in Roman history (e.g., Punic Wars, Roman Civil Wars) as relevant to the Latin texts.

Connect information in the required English readings to information in the Latin texts, as relevant to influential people and key events in Roman history.

Identify Roman political ideas (e.g., libertas, pietas, virtus) not directly stated in the Latin texts, based on context or outside knowledge.

Explain Roman political ideas as relevant to the Latin texts.

Connect information in the required English readings to information in the Latin texts, as relevant to Roman political ideas.

Identify Roman cultural products (e.g., fasces, Penates, legio) not directly stated in the Latin texts, based on context or outside knowledge.

Explain the significance of Roman cultural products as relevant to the Latin texts.

Connect information in the required English readings to information in the Latin texts, as relevant to Roman cultural products.

Identify Roman cultural practices (e.g., marriage ceremonies, military organization, interpretation of omens) not directly stated in the Latin texts, based on context or outside knowledge.

Explain the significance of Roman cultural practices as relevant to the Latin texts.

Connect information in the required English readings to information in the Latin texts, as relevant to Roman cultural practices.

Identify elements of mythology and legends (e.g., gods, Trojan War, heroes) not directly stated in the Latin texts, based on context or outside knowledge.

Explain mythology and legends as relevant to the Latin texts.

Connect information in the required English readings to information in the Latin texts, as relevant to mythology and legends.

Identify characteristics of literary genres (e.g., epic, commentarii) in the Latin texts.

Identify literary conventions (e.g., invocation of the Muse, address to the troops, characterization) in the Latin texts.

Explain characteristics of literary genres as relevant to the understanding of the Latin texts.

Explain literary conventions as relevant to the understanding of the Latin texts.

Explain an author's circumstances, background, and life as relevant to the understanding of the Latin texts.

Analyze the effects of language usage (e.g., word choice, ambiguity, word order).

Analyze the effects of stylistic features (e.g., characterization, rhetorical strategies, poetic devices).

Analyze the Latin texts based on knowledge of Roman culture (e.g., use of cultural products such as the signa; cultural practices such as military techniques; cultural perspectives such as virtus, dignitas, pietas, auctoritas).